42.Anderson's account of the origin of rent is reprinted in the Select Collection of Scarce and Valuable Economical Tracts ,edited for Lord Overstone by J.R.M'Culloch,1859.
43.Senior,however,has pointed out that Smith is partly right;whilst it is true that rent is demanded because the productivepowers of nature are limited,and increased population requires a less remunerative expenditure in order to obtain thenecessary supply;on the other hand,it is the power which most land possesses of producing the subsistance of more personsthan art required for its cultivation that supplies the fund out of which rent can be paid.
44."As the colony increases,the profits of stock gradually diminish.When the most fertile and best situated lands have beenall occupied,less profit can be made by the cultivation of what is inferior both in soil and situation,and less interest can beafforded for the stock which is so employed."The view in question had been anticipated by West.
45.Adam Smith says:--"It appears evidently from experience that man is,of all sorts of luggage,the most difficult to betransported "(Wealth of Nations .Bk.I,chap.viii).
46.Tenant's Gain not Landlord's Loss (1883),p.83.
47.Zwei Bücher zur Socialen Geschichte Englands ,p.194.
48.A sketch of Ricardo's personal history,and an account of his writings on monetary questions,which could notconveniently be introduced here will be found under his name in the Encyclopaedia Britannica ,9th edition.
49.Thus,in Wealth of Nations ,Bk.I,chap.vii,we have the phrase "the funds which are destined to the payment of wages,""the funds destined for employing industry ""the funds destined for the maintenance of servants "50.See the last of his Four Introductory Lectures on Political;Economy ,1852.
51.Mill,however,tells us in his Preface to those Essays that his own views on that subject had been entertained andcommitted to writing before the publication by Torrens of similar opinions.
52.Samuel Crumpe,M.D.,had published at Dublin in 1793an Essay on the Best Means of Providing Employment for thePeople ,which obtained a prize offered by the Royal Irish Academy for the best dissertation on that subject.This is ameritorious work,and contains a good statement of some of the leading principles of Adam Smith.John Hely Hutchinson's Commercial Restraints of Ireland (1779)is important for the economic history of that country.
53.Afterwards Lord Ashburton.For this Petition,see M'Culloch's Literature of Political Economy ,p.57,or Senior's Lectures on the Transmission of the Precious Metals ,etc.,2d ed.,p.78.
54.Curiously,in an otherwise well-executed abridgment of Mill's work published in the United States (1886)by J.LaurenceLaughlin,as a textbook tor colleges,all that "should properly be classed under the head of Sociology "has been omitted,Mill's own conception being thus set aside,and his book made to conform to the common type.
55.Mr John Morley ("Mill on Religion",in Critical Miscellanies ,2d ser,1877)betrays something consternation at findingin Mill's posthumous writings statements of opinion distinctly at variance with philosophic doctrines he had energeticallymaintained during his whole life.
