Now, in order to remove in the supposed case the apparent contradiction between freedom and the mechanism of nature in one and the same action, we must remember what was said in the Critique of Pure Reason, or what follows therefrom; viz., that the necessity of nature, which cannot co-exist with the freedom of the subject, appertains only to the attributes of the thing that is subject to time-conditions, consequently only to those of the acting subject as a phenomenon; that therefore in this respect the determining principles of every action of the same reside in what belongs to past time and is no longer in his power (in which must be included his own past actions and the character that these may determine for him in his own eyes as a phenomenon).But the very same subject, being on the other side conscious of himself as a thing in himself, considers his existence also in so far as it is not subject to time-conditions, and regards himself as only determinable by laws which he gives himself through reason; and in this his existence nothing is antecedent to the determination of his will, but every action, and in general every modification of his existence, varying according to his internal sense, even the whole series of his existence as a sensible being is in the consciousness of his supersensible existence nothing but the result, and never to be regarded as the determining principle, of his causality as a noumenon.In this view now the rational being can justly say of every unlawful action that he performs, that he could very well have left it undone; although as appearance it is sufficiently determined in the past, and in this respect is absolutely necessary; for it, with all the past which determines it, belongs to the one single phenomenon of his character which he makes for himself, in consequence of which he imputes the causality of those appearances to himself as a cause independent of sensibility.
同类推荐
热门推荐
极品废材:天才草包逆袭!
废材?草包?无药可救?一朝穿越,这些统统都不是!她穿越到一个废材身上,逐渐逆袭,做的一切都亮瞎渣男狗女的眼睛!有一天,她遇到他,他总是宠着,她却统统无视。一遇到她就发展毒舌功:“我可是精灵哦!”他腹黑一笑:“没事,我不嫌弃,精灵也可以做帝王妃”。……tfboys陌路遇见心
人物介绍女主1:上官恬忆,20岁,唤恬集团的千金,全国第一富豪,与王俊凯相恋女主2:欧阳晗轩,19岁,洋轩集团的千金,全国第二富豪,与王源相恋,整容后名字改为寒思源。女主3:东方晶灵,19岁,东灵集团的千金,全国第三富豪,千玺曾经爱的人,后与苏进结婚