First,Boswell had the industry and the devotion to his task of an artist.Twenty years and more he labored in collecting his material.He speaks frankly of his methods.He recorded the talk of Johnson and his associates partly by a rough shorthand of his own,partly by an exceptional memory,which he carefully trained for this very purpose.'O for shorthand to take this down!'said he to Mrs.Thrale as they listened to Johnson;and she replied:
'You'll carry it all in your head;a long head is as good as shorthand.'Miss Hannah More recalls a gay meeting at the Garricks',in Johnson's absence,when Boswell was bold enough to match his skill with no other than Garrick himself in an imitation of Johnson.Though Garrick was more successful in his Johnsonian recitation of poetry,Boswell won in reproducing his familiar conversation.He lost no time in perfecting his notes both mental and stenographic,and sat up many a night followed by a day of headache,to write them in final form,that none of the freshness and glow might fade.The sheer labor of this process,not to mention the difficulty,can be measured only by one who attempts a similar feat.Let him try to report the best conversation of a lively evening,following its course,preserving its point,differentiating sharply the traits of the participants,keeping the style,idiom,and exact words of each.Let him reject all parts of it,however diverting,of which the charm and force will evaporate with the occasion,and retain only that which will be as amusing,significant,and lively as ever at the end of one hundred,or,for all that we can see,one thousand years.He will then,in some measure,realize the difficulty of Boswell's performance.When his work appeared Boswell himself said:'The stretch of mind and prompt assiduity by which so many conversations are preserved,I myself,at some distance of time,contemplate with wonder.'
He was indefatigable in hunting up and consulting all who had known parts or aspects of Johnson's life which to him were inaccessible.
He mentions all told more than fifty names of men and women whom he consulted for information,to which number many others should be added of those who gave him nothing that he could use.'I have sometimes been obliged to run half over London,in order to fix a date correctly.'He agonized over his work with the true devotion of an artist:'You cannot imagine,'he says,'what labor,what perplexity,what vexation I have endured in arranging a prodigious multiplicity of materials,in supplying omissions,in searching for papers buried in different masses,and all this besides the exertion of composing and polishing.'He despairs of making his picture vivid or full enough,and of ever realizing his preconception of his masterpiece.
Boswell's devotion to his work appears in even more extraordinary ways.Throughout he repeatedly offers himself as a victim to illustrate his great friend's wit,ill-humor,wisdom,affection,or goodness.He never spares himself,except now and then to assume a somewhat diaphanous anonymity.Without regard for his own dignity,he exhibits himself as humiliated,or drunken,or hypochondriac,or inquisitive,or resorting to petty subterfuge--anything for the accomplishment of his one main purpose.'Nay,Sir,'said Johnson,'it was not the wine that made your head ache,but the sense that Iput into it.''What,Sir,'asks the hapless Boswell,'will sense make the head ache?''Yes,Sir,when it is not used to it.'
Boswell is also the artist in his regard for truth.In him it was a passion.Again and again he insists upon his authenticity.He developed an infallible gust and unerring relish of what was genuinely Johnsonian in speech,writing,or action;and his own account leads to the inference that he discarded,as worthless,masses of diverting material which would have tempted a less scrupulous writer beyond resistance.'I observed to him,'said Boswell,'that there were very few of his friends so accurate as that I could venture to put down in writing what they told me as his sayings.'The faithfulness of his portrait,even to the minutest details,is his unremitting care,and he subjects all contributed material to the sternest criticism.
Industry and love of truth alone will not make the artist.With only these Boswell might have been merely a tireless transcriber.
